![]() Roland, a courageous knight and Charlemagne’s nephew, nominates his stepfather, Ganelon. Charlemagne and his vassals, weary of the long war, receive Marsile’s messengers and try to choose an envoy to negotiate at Marsile’s court on Charlemagne’s behalf. But once Charlemagne is back in France, Marsile will renege on his promises. ![]() He will promise to be Charlemagne’s vassal and a Christian convert in exchange for Charlemagne’s departure. Marsile, certain that defeat is inevitable, hatches a plot to rid Spain of Charlemagne. Only one Muslim stronghold remains: the city of Saragossa, under the rule of King Marsile and Queen Bramimonde. About the Contents:įor seven years, the valiant Christian king Charlemagne has made war against the Saracens in Spain. ![]() The epic poem is the first and most outstanding example of the chanson de geste, a literary form that flourished between the eleventh and fifteenth centuries and celebrated the legendary deeds of a hero. The oldest of these is the Oxford manuscript which contains a text of some 4004 lines (the number varies slightly in different modern editions) and is usually dated to the middle of the twelfth century (between 11). It exists in various different manuscript versions which testify to its enormous and enduring popularity in the 12th to 14th centuries. ![]() The Song of Roland (French: La Chanson de Roland) is the oldest surviving major work of French literature. ![]()
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